The mole fraction of hydrogen in the methane- hydrogen mixture was varied from 0 to 1 and the mole fraction of nitrogen in the total mixture (methane- hydrogen-air-diluent) from 0 to 0.35. The spherical expanding flame technique, in a constant volume bomb, was employed to extract laminar flame characteristics. The effect of hydrogen addition and nitrogen dilution on laminar flame characteristics was investigated.
[Institut PRISME, Universite d' Orleans, 8 rue Leonard de Vinci-45072, Orleans Cedex 2 (France) Samson, E. We note the possibility of using the results of the developed theory to describe the properties of a Bose condensate of photons in the diluted weakly ionized gas of hydrogen-like atoms.Įffects of hydrogen addition and nitrogen dilution on the laminar flame characteristics of premixed methane-air flames Numerical evaluation of the elementary perturbation parameters in the system on an example of a weakly ionized dilute gas of the 23Na atoms using the D2-line characteristics of the natrium atom is given. The expressions for the dependence of the frequencies and Landau damping coefficients on the wave vector for all branches of the oscillations discovered are obtained. It is shown that in such a system, in addition to the typical plasma waves, there are longitudinal waves of matter polarization and the transverse ones with a behavior characteristic of plasmon polaritons. Kinetic equations are used to study the spectra of elementary excitations in the system when all its components are non-degenerate.
#Memz 3.0 batch code free
Within the framework of the proposed approach, a system of common kinetic equations for the Wigner distribution functions of free oppositely charged fermions of two kinds (electrons and cores) and their bound states— hydrogen-like atoms— is obtained. The basis of the derivation of kinetic equations is the method of reduced description of relaxation processes.
The approach is based on the statements of the second quantization method in the presence of bound states of particles. We develop a microscopic approach to the construction of the kinetic theory of dilute weakly ionized gas of hydrogen-like atoms. Kinetic theory of weakly ionized dilute gas of hydrogen-like atoms of the first principles of quantum statistics and dispersion laws of eigenwaves Generally speaking, Markstein length of a fuel with low hydrogen fraction is more sensitive to the change of initial pressure than that of a one with high hydrogen fraction. It was found that the increase of initial pressure and hydrogen fraction decreases flame stability and the flame tends to be more stable with the addition of diluent gas.
Flame stability was studied by analyzing Markstein length. The velocity reduction rate due to diluent addition is determined mainly by hydrogen fraction and diluent ratio, and the effect of initial pressure is negligible. The results showed that both unstretched flame speed and unstretched burning velocity are reduced with the increase in initial pressure (except when the hydrogen fraction is 80%) as well as diluent ratio. Laminar burning velocities and Markstein lengths were obtained for the diluted stoichiometric fuel/air mixtures with different hydrogen fractions and diluent ratios under various initial pressures. Miao, Haiyan [State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Eng., Xi' an Jiaotong University (China) Institute of High Performance Computing, A-star (Singapore) Ji, Min Jiao, Qi Huang, Qian Huang, Zuohua [State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Eng., Xi' an Jiaotong University (China)įlame propagation of premixed nitrogen diluted natural gas/hydrogen/air mixtures was studied in a constant volume combustion bomb under various initial pressures. Laminar burning velocity and Markstein length of nitrogen diluted natural gas/hydrogen/air mixtures at normal, reduced and elevated pressuresĮnergy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)